![]() The 4-means clusters include wet no freeze, dry no freeze, dry freeze and snow freeze. Results of PCA and factor analysis show that temperature and humidity are the first two principle components and common factors, accounting for 71.6% of the variance. Then, two supervised machine learning methods including Fisher’s discriminant analysis and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were adopted to predict the climatic regions based on climatic data. Three unsupervised machine learning including Principle Component Analysis (PCA), factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted to identify the main component and common factors for climatic variables, and then to classify datasets into different groups. Around one third of the 800 weather stations record variation of freeze and precipitation classifications and a few of them show significant change of classifications over time based on the results of logistic regression analyses. ![]() It was found that both the temperature and humidity increased in most States. The effect and significance of climate change were firstly evaluated using time as the only predictor and t-test. The lowest was −45 ☏ (−43 ☌) in Boca on January 20, 1937.This study extracted 16 climatic data variables including annual temperature, freeze thaw, precipitation, and snowfall conditions from the Long-term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program database to evaluate the climatic regionalization for pavement infrastructure. This is also the highest temperature ever recorded on Earth. The highest temperature ever recorded in California was 134 ☏ (57 ☌) in Death Valley on July 10, 1913. ![]() The 24-hour average July temperature in Death Valley is 101.8 ☏ (38.8 ☌) (1981–2010 NCDC Normals).Ĭlass=notpageimage| Map of locations in the table belowĪverage daily high and low temperatures in ☏ (☌)Ĭolored and sortable by average monthly temperature Temperatures of 130 ☏ (54 ☌) or higher have been recorded as recently as 2005. The highest reliably recorded temperature in the world, 134 ☏ (56.7 ☌), was recorded in Death Valley on July 10, 1913. It is common in the summer for temperatures in the valley to surpass 120 ☏ (49 ☌). In the northern portion of the Mojave Desert on the east side of the state is Death Valley, which has recorded temperatures among the highest in the world. ![]() The southeastern regions have a hot arid climate (Koppen BWh), similar to that of the Sahara Desert. The extreme southwest, around San Diego, has a subtropical semi-arid or steppe climate (Koppen BSh) as winters are drier there. Palm Springs, a city in the Coachella Valley, averages high/low/mean temperatures of 75 ☏/50 ☏/63 ☏, (24 ☌/10 ☌/17 ☌) respectively during the period of cooler weather from November to April. East Los Angeles, the Gateway Cities, and parts of the San Gabriel Valley average the warmest winter high temps (72 ☏, 22 ☌) in all of the western U.S., and Santa Monica averages the warmest winter lows (52 ☏, 11 ☌) in all of the western U.S. ĭuring the cooler winter months (October–March), the Coachella Valley regularly has the warmest winter temperatures out of any place west of the Rocky Mountains. At the coast in Santa Monica, the average high in August is 75 ☏ (24 ☌), while in Burbank, approximately 10 miles (16 km) inland, the average high in August is 95 ☏ (35 ☌): a temperature gain of about two degrees Fahrenheit per mile. In Southern California, the temperature differences are approximately 4 ☏ in winter and 23 ☏ (2 ☌ and 13 ☌) in summer. For example, the average daily high in San Francisco in July and August is between 62 and 68 ☏ (17 and 20 ☌), and in Walnut Creek, some 20 miles (32 km) inland, the average daily high in July and August is 90 ☏ (32 ☌): a temperature gain of more than one degree (Fahrenheit) per mile. The temperature gradient between immediate coast and low-lying inland valleys in the south is about 7 ☏ (4 ☌) in winter, the coast being warmer, and in summer roughly 25 ☏ (14 ☌), the interior being warmer. Low-lying inland valleys, especially the Central Valley, have a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csa), with subtropical temperatures but a well-defined summer dry season and a foggy, rainy season in winter. Further inland, the climate becomes more continental, with some areas turning semi-arid (Köppen BSk), with colder winters and markedly hotter summers. The cool California Current offshore, enhanced by upwelling of cold sub-surface waters, often creates summer fog near the coast, creating a warm-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification Csb). Snow on the ground in San Bernardino, Shandin Hills visible in the background
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